Using the topic, thesis statement, and supporting points from your DB Essay

Using the topic, thesis statement, and supporting points from your DB 1 posting, - Essay Example With this being said, many persons think that children need to stop playing at school so that they can get to the work of learning academics. Although it may appear that play is not important in terms of the academic achievement of early childhood students, in fact, play is vital to their future educational success Through play, young children learn social skills such as taking turns and sharing. They learn communication skills such as listening to others without interrupting and asking for help when necessary. They learn how to make and keep friends and how to compromise. During play, children also learn to lead and to follow. Some children naturally lead, while others naturally follow. Play gives them the opportunity to try out different roles and learn to lead and follow. Children also learn about rules as they play. They determine when rules are necessary and what those rules need to be. They learn when the rules are working for what they need and when the rules need to be revised. They learn to make rules and to follow rules. They may also learn the consequences for not following rules. Academics are also learned through play. As young children engage in play, they reinforce learned skills and are exposed to new skills. While playing store, they make lists, write numbers, add numbers, try out calculators, read store advertisements and get exposure to percents. They also sort and count money. It is the teacher’s responsibility to ensure that young learners have the necessary and appropriate props and supplies to fully carry out a play scenario. Young students also have the opportunity to act as both teacher and learner during play. Academic skills are reinforced when students have the chance to teach the skills to others. Students also learn from one another. In conclusion, play gives students authentic opportunities to learn and practice.

Public Policy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Public Policy - Essay Example The 2012/2013 budget plan of the state that was approved by the Governor and Legislature in June 2012. In the event that the voters reject this policy measure, the budget have a backup plan that demands reduction in spending, also referred to as trigger cuts. The policy affects the upper income tax payers because they are the one to pay additional tax for the funding of the state’s budgeted programs. However, the beneficiaries of the policy range from community colleges and schools, universities, department of development services, department of parks and recreation, department of fish and game, city police departments among other funded educational programs.The Proposition 30 will increase the rate of Sales Tax from 2013 all the way to 2016 by 9.3%. This policy measure will increase statewide rate of sales tax by almost one quarter for each dollar of purchased goods. The policy will be effective for four years. The Proposition 30 will also increase the rates of Personal Incom e Tax from 2012 to 2018. The policy measure will increase the already existing 9.3 percent rates on the higher incomes. The supplementary marginal rate of tax will increase with the increase in taxable income. The policy will add state revenue from 2018 through to 2019. Through the fiscal years in which both the personal income tax and sales tax increases as stated above due to phasing in and phasing out of the higher rates of taxes, the smaller increases in revenue are likely to be seen in 2011/2012, 2017/2018, and 2018/2019.

Eu Membership Advantages And Disadvantages To Uk Economy Economics Essay

Eu Membership Advantages And Disadvantages To Uk Economy Economics Essay Creating a level playing field for trade across Europe requires harmonised legislation in many areas of work and life, from social policies to health and safety legislation to the regulation of advertising. What looks fair to some can seem heavy-handed to others. Getting the right balance demands constant constructive engagement. Successive British governments have had little doubt that the benefits to the UK economy outweigh any problems, and make it important to continue to push forward our role in the EU. The EU has cemented peace between European nations after centuries of war. It has used that peace to build the largest single market in the developed world, bringing greater prosperity to all member states (including the UK). When the whole of Europe speaks together we have more clout on the world stage. Looking out in the world today we can see strong growing economies such as China and America, both have millions of inhabitants and strong currencies. With the EU membership in place and more joining the UK will stand a greater chance against these two large forces. We are stronger in trade negotiations if we negotiate as one economic bloc, and diplomatic initiatives, designed to improve our security, can be more effective with the support of European partners. As well as economic benefits joining countries together in union with each other will hold many political benefits. Its founding is a step towards European integration, to prevent war in the union. Its a well known fact that countries that trade effectively together dont wage war on each other, this means peace throughout Europe and beyond (we hope). Nato and the alliance with the United States remains the guarantee of defence for most European countries. Access to EU Funds Extra funds and grants are available to businesses in order to improve economic welfare in high unemployment and deprived areas. The European Social Fund provides funds for vocational training, helping to create jobs. The programmes work through direct spending on transport and other infrastructure, and on training people and helping them learn new skills. Several parts of the UK have benefited from these funds, including Northern Ireland, the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, Cornwall and the Scilly Isles, Merseyside, South Yorkshire, and West Wales and the Valleys. Freedom to trade and work The single European market is the worlds largest free trade area. Europes businesses enjoy a home market of 490 million people, selling goods and services without tariffs or other trade restrictions, and to common safety standards. The market has created more competitive services, greater choice and lower prices, supporting wealth and job creation. It has lowered business costs, and opened new opportunities. 67% of UK trade is within the EU (compared to 16% for the USA), and the UK benefits from inward investment from companies within the EU. For many it has also increased the burden of red tape. Such regulation is one of the areas where Britain is looking for improved performance. The Commissions better regulation agenda is starting to see results, assessing the impact of new regulations, simplifying and even cancelling existing ones. Some may argue that the main benefit of the EU is free trade. Some argue back that the UK could retain the benefits, even if it left. For example, Switzerland is not in EU but benefits from EU trade. Co-ordinated economic policies The EU provides a forum where member countries can share best practice and learn from others experiences helping to ensure that European businesses can compete effectively in global markets developing the right infrastructure for a successful modern economy. Although some may favour the new infrastructures others find them less appealing or find them-selves less suited to the change. Like the UK government favours adopting the Euro in principle, but will only join when the economic conditions are right. Others still disagree the Euro should be adopted at all. Freedom, security and justice EU member countries are working together to create an area of freedom, security and justice across Europe. All of the member countries, except the UK and Ireland, have agreed to scrap their border controls with each other. They allow citizens to travel freely without checks at the internal borders. The UK and Ireland have a right to choose whether to sign up to EU laws on border controls, immigration and asylum. The UK and Ireland play a proactive role with other member states in working to tackle illegal immigration and abuse of the asylum system. Increased Immigration as a single market requires free movement of labor. This has led to an inflow of immigrants from Eastern Europe; this has placed a strain on housing and other amenities in the UK. Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) The CAP has been reformed, but arguably it still is an inefficient method of subsidizing the declining agricultural sector. For a long time the EU has maintained target prices for agricultural goods above the market price; this has various disadvantages: Higher prices for consumers Higher Tariffs on Imports required, this has been a stumbling block to trade High prices encouraged oversupply. EU had to buy surplus that was created. Expensive for EU Taxpayer. CAP budget accounts for nearly 50% of total EU budget. It costs UK  £14 billion per year. The CAP alone is 50% of the EU budget, and costs the UK  £14 billion per year, with most of this money going to French farmers. The EU subsidises farmers, but penalises them for growing too much which leads to higher food prices. The UK has a relatively small but efficient agricultural sector; therefore it benefits the least from CAP. Higher Utility Prices and EU Law EU law allows foreign companies to buy UK utility companies, who then said to overcharge us. The EUs high renewable energy targets will cost British families  £750 in higher energy prices. Water bills are also rising by 20%, because of new EU regulations. Laws being imposed on UK businesses and citizens from decisions made in Brussels, which may benefit some member states but have a negative impact on the UK. Action on the environment On the environment, it is vital to work together to tackle serious common problems that cross national borders, such as pollution. The EU is strongly committed to sustainable development and the Kyoto agreement on tackling climate change. Action to tackle environmental problems can create jobs and benefit the economy, for example by encouraging companies to make renewable-energy technologies like solar panels, hydrogen cells and wind turbines. This will help make the EU a leader in a growing global market. Explore one area of economic activity in the UK which EU membership has and does affect. The Carphone warehouse (CPW) was founded in 1989 to bring mobile services to consumers. They have grown from a handful of stores operating exclusively in the UK, to a European-wide platform of over 1500 stores in 10 countries. The EU gives the UK access to the worlds largest single market consisting of 27 countries with over 490 million potential customers. CPW like all UK businesses currently have access to trade freely in all of the 27 member states. Thanks to the EUs free trade area and a customs union the Single market works for businesses by ensuring that everyone is competing on a level playing field and able to move resources freely amongst member states. The EU promotes free trade among member states while acting as a protectionist bloc against the rest of the world. The customs union of the EU: Establishes a free trade area between states. Erects common external tariffs to charge on imports from non-member countries. Free trade areas have been achieved by the elimination of trade restrictions. Many businesses like CPW have found this to open doors into new markets. Government figures in fact show trade within the EU has risen by 30% since 1992. Without out these areas many businesses including CPW would not be able to trade goods and services with the rest of Europe (or do so as easily). As well as free trade the common market also means complete mobility of funds and labour. A British citizen has the freedom to work in any of the European countries and vicar versa. For CPW this provides the skills of labour required to compete efficiently and the opportunity to gain EU funds if necessary. The absence of border bureaucracy has cut delivery times and reduced costs. Before the frontiers came down, the tax system alone required 60 million customs clearance documents annually: these are no longer needed. For CPW and traders alike it means there is no need to submit any tax declarations or customs declarations at all. Increase in trade and increase in competition, these factors drive innovation and better efficiency between firms. This in turn not only benefits the consumer but improves infrastructures and communication. With IT and telecommunications improved and more accessible CPW is able to speed up distribution times for example. The development of common standards for equipment; means being able to invest and operate in distant EU countries is becoming easier and less risky. Firms that learn to compete more effectively can benefit from economies of scale. Open trade policy makes EU firms match the world best Stable exchange rates cement the internal market. Internal market rules embody a high level of environmental protection. Basic workplace rights, will bring economic prosperity accompanied by better living and working conditions.(this however is argued y some people to be bad for business). The road haulage market is being liberalised by eliminating bureaucratic red-tape. Shipping services between member countries are also to be provided on equal terms and as competition on air routes increases the result should be lower fares. For CPW the transportation of goods from one country to another has become easier and cheaper. Lower fares could benefit businesses in lots of ways, through reduced costs in flights for business meetings or travelling to and from premises in the EU, reduced costs in transporting goods from one country to another and service businesses could benefit from more people travelling (tourists) due to cheaper flights. Banks and securities houses are able to provide banking and investment services anywhere in the EU allowing for numerous opportunities for growth and expansion. Elimination of trade restrictions covers the following areas: Physical barriers (e.g. customs inspections) on goods and services have been removed for most products. Companies have had to adjust to new VAT regimes as a consequence. Technical standards (e.g. for quality and safety) should be harmonised. Governments should not discriminate between EU companies in awarding public works contracts. Telecommunications should be subject to greater competition It should be possible to provide financial services in any country. It should be free movement of capital within the community Professional qualifications awarded in one member state should be recognised in others. The EU is at taking a co-ordinated stand on matters related to consumer protection All of these factors contribute towards a level playing ground making it fair and competitive for business to run. In all, a mutual recognition principle means that in most cases companies can do business across the EU by complying with the rules in their home Member State. Discuss how EU institutions can benefit a UK organisation. EU institutions can benefit UK businesses in many ways; their main aim is to ensure that everyone is competing on a level playing field. In order to achieve this level playing field the countries that make up the EU remain independent sovereign nations but share in the decision making process and work together to make sure legislation and regulation is carried out. The EUs decision-making process in general and the co-decision procedure in particular involve three main institutions: The European Parliament (EP), which represents the EUs citizens and is directly elected by them. The Council of the European Union, which represents the individual member states. The European Commission, which seeks to uphold the interests of the Union as a whole. This institutional triangle produces the policies and laws that apply throughout the EU. In principle, it is the Commission that proposes new laws, but it is the Parliament and Council that adopt them. The Commission and the member states will then implement them, and the Commission ensures that the laws are properly taken on board. Two other institutions have a vital part to play: the Court of Justice upholds the rule of European law, and the Court of Auditors checks the financing of the Unions activities. The powers and responsibilities of these institutions are laid down in the Treaties, which are the foundation of everything the EU does. They also lay down the rules and procedures that the EU institutions must follow. The Treaties are agreed by the presidents and/or prime ministers of all the EU countries, and ratified by their parliaments. It is The European Commission that acts as an executive of the EU. The commission is first and foremost the guardian of the treatise. It is an impartial body which sees to it that the treaties, and decisions based on them, are correctly applied. It can initiate infringement proceedings against any member state and may, if necessary refer matters to the European court of Justice. It can also impose fines on individuals or companies, notably when they act in breach of the commissions completion rules. The main tasks of the commission are to: Ensure that community rules and principles of the common market are observed. Make policy proposals to the council of ministers Enforce the implementation of legislation Administer Community expenditure EU Competition Policy The purpose of the EU Competition Policy is to defend the SEM Single European Market, eliminating restrictive practices. Stifling competition (EU has rules to prevent this) Collusion by price fixing and cartels (article 81) Miss allocation of resources Protects inefficient firms Reduces technical development Barriers to entry of new firms To prevent the abuse of a dominant position (article 82) To regulate acquisitions and mergers (European Merger Control Regulation 1989) Restrict state aid to Indigenous firms Governments shouldnt be bailing out lame duck businesses State aid Commission can prohibit if it adversely affects the EU Ensures governments do not unfairly favour their own national businesses The EU Social Policy The aim of the EU Social Policy is to create a level playing field and covers legislation that covers: Equal opportunities for men and women Working conditions Health and safety at work (All of this contributes to the harmonisation of working rights and employment conditions) The European Social Fund Was setup to invest in high unemployment and deprived areas, to provide funding for vocational training and help create jobs. Businesses are able to funding to invest in deprived areas and may be eligible for further grants from governments. Conclusion This means that in most cases thanks to the EU institutions companies can do business across the EU by complying with the rules in their home Member State. This saves time and also creates a sense of standardisation in which all competition is not stifled by one country having an advantage and all domestic competition is seen as fair. Explore the attraction of EU membership to potential members The further enlargement of the EU benefits existing member states. With each previous enlargement the EU has emerged stronger, more confident and more capable of acting on the world stage. Importantly, an enlarged EU will help us tackle threats which cannot be confined by geographical borders, from climate change and organised crime, to the fight against terrorism.   Close cooperation with our neighbours is a major force for dealing with such challenges. Whilst this explains how the existing states have benefited it should also highlight the benefits of further unity. Potential members will benefit in the same way. Who are the candidate members? Croatia Turkey Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia Further enlargement enhances economic efficiency, drives innovation, provides funding and a level playing field for business.   For example, by increasing its internal market Turkey will improve their ability to meet the challenges and opportunities presented by globalisation. Many of the newer members of the EU have economies with much lower costs, making them attractive sources of production for businesses in this country; potential candidates will be in same situation or will benefit from work. If they join many workers from their states will come to work in the UK where wages will more than likely be higher, as well they will have access to the rest of the EUs states. For their economies membership to the EU is a means of stability growth. An enlarged EU also invites wider and richer cultural discussion and creativity. An exciting example of this is Enlarge your Vision the 2010 Young Journalist Award launched by the ECs directorate general for Enlargement. Conclusion The attraction of EU membership to potential countries can in fact be placed into two main parts: Economics Security. To conclude this, it can be seen that there are many advantages for a nation to become a member of the European Union. This is supported by the Cecchini report, which gives a rise of evidence to believe that there is a significant increase in GDP as a result of the common market produced by the integration of EU Countries. Obvious outcomes of a rise in GDP will increase the standard of living in these EU countries. Discuss the possible enlargement of the EU and the factors impacting on such possible Enlargement. Any European country which respects the principles of liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms, and the rule of law may apply to become a member of the Union. The Treaty on European Union sets out these conditions. Next in order to apply they need to fulfil the economic and political conditions known as the Copenhagen criteria, according to which a potential member must: Be a stable democracy, respecting human rights, the rule of law and the protection of minorities Have a functioning market economy Adopt the common rules, standards and policies that make up the body of EU law The EU will assist potential countries in taking on EU laws and then they will provide a range of financial assistance to improve their infrastructure and economy. The potential benefits and problems of enlarging the EU are likely to come from many directions. Ranging from the beneficial outcomes of increasing economies of scale, to the potential danger that poorer EU nations will have to receive large budgets from existing EU nations. In addition, the EU must be able to integrate new members: it needs to ensure that its institutions and decision-making processes remain effective and accountable; it needs to be in a position, as it enlarges, to continue developing and implementing common policies in all areas; and it needs to be in a position to continue financing its policies in a sustainable manner. Another key component of integration is harmonization of key areas of policy involving coordination of policies on business and competition regulation, environmental policies, taxation, and fiscal and monetary policies. The threats to existing members are as follows: Existing members are afraid that their markets will be swamped by cheap imports from these countries. The markets which are most at risk are politically sensitive markets, such as agriculture and textiles, where the EU has traditionally imposed high tariff barriers to protect domestic industries. There is a fear that the contributions of rich countries to the EU budget would rise considerably following enlargement. If much poorer countries join the community, and regional and CAP payments are maintained. It is inevitable that there will be large budget transfers to the new members, paid for by existing members. Some countries fear that enlargement will delay plans to move towards even greater economic and political union. It would be difficult, for instance to implement a single currency in 1999 if in that year three countries joined the Union. Movements of labour and capital can also pose problems. There is a fear that capital would move to newly joined cheap labour countries whilst workers would move in large numbers from these countries to existing member countries, attracted by much higher wages . These points indicate large potential problems of new members joining the EU. The main one possibly being the inability for nations to reach Total Economic Integration. The reason behind this may lie in the fact that different economies in the EU will require different monetary and fiscal policies. While countries like the UK may need higher interest in order for people to save money and reduce consumption in order to wane inflation, a country like Hungary would require a lower interest rate in order to increase consumer expenditure and increase aggregate demand, hence increasing GDP. These problems are likely to cause conflict among policies. It is also shown that the UK, France and Germany have a vast advantage in terms of GDP in comparison to the Czech Republic and Hungary (potential EU members). This causes concern regarding the requirement for a convergence in economies within the EU regarding monetary policy. In June 2008, the French President Nicola Sarkozy and German Chancellor Angela Merkel said that the EU cannot enlarge beyond 27 states without reform of the institution of the current Treaty of Nice rules. Such a reform would happen if the Lisbon Treaty comes into force. Assess how enlargement of the EU may affect UK business in general and a specific organisation in particular. In this part of essay we will investigate how expansion of the EU will affect Carphone Warehouse in the future. The enlargement will: Bring down barriers to trade and business. UK companies will benefit from access to the largest single market for trade and investment in the world. Benefit UK consumers, giving them access to a wider range of goods and services at lower prices. Encourage GDP growth in both the candidate countries and the present EU 15. Require institutional changes within the EU itself. It also concludes that: The success of enlargement depends upon candidates being properly prepared so that they enhance the single market. Effective implementation of single market rules is vital and will help the candidates compete in the EU. Extending the single market will not just increase the number and scope of opportunities; it will also simplify doing business, as candidates introduce EU legislation and practices. This aim is reflected in the EU position that any transition periods granted to the candidates on entry should be exceptional. EU-funded pre-accession programmes offer real commercial opportunities for UK firms. As their economies grow and their consumers become more prosperous, the candidate countries offer great opportunities for UK trade and investment. Market liberalisation in areas such as telecoms and energy should also accelerate this process. The potential benefits and problems of enlarging the EU are likely to come from many directions. There are three main aspects of enlargement we will be looking at: Commercial opportunities Cheaper labours force Investment. Commercial opportunities As CPW is a UK organisation and already well established they will be faced with a lot of commercial opportunities by expansion of the EU. With more countries added to the EU they will of course be able to reach more customers. The immediate goal of the 1957 treaty of Rome was the establishment of a single or common market. If Turkey becomes a member state of the EU, they need cancel obvious barriers to trade such as tariffs or duties firstly. Then, it also should removal non-tariffs barriers which should also be integrated with current of the EUs policy. Therefore, the products of British companies will go into new and big market easier than before. They also can invest into new member states in which will have a lot of new investment opportunities. Therefore, now we can say the expansion of the EU into Eastern Europe can increase export opportunities for British companies. Cheaper labour force For British companies including CPW labour force will be cheaper. As the UK has a high living standard more and more cheaper job seekers, who are living poor Eastern Europe nations, will flow into British labour market. This means CPW can hire workers with low wage requirements. This will allow them then to reduce working costs so the can increase their products competitive advantage. Investment Access to more investment. The United Kingdom is still one of the most important financial centres in the world, The integration of the Central and Eastern European countries into the European Union is a win situation: The integration will increase wealth and prosperity in the new Member States and will stimulate economic growth in the current member states. An extra 100 million consumers will be part of the Internal Market. The remaining tariff barriers between the countries will be removed. Legal and technical trade barriers will vanish. The possibilities for trade and investment will be further enhanced and the expected high economic growth rates will radically enhance the purchasing powers of consumers in the candidate countries. Increasing trade will be a valuable contribution to the functioning of the enlarged the EU and the economic development of the entire continent. The enlargement has special significance for the United Kingdom. For the new members, accession to the EU implies great potential for increased trade and cooperation. This is a golden opportunity for British companies. During the last 10 years many British exporters and investors have secured strongholds in these markets, increasing exports dramatically. The present research shows, however, that the current level of trade only scratches the surface and that British trade with the new member countries can be multiplied many times over.

Memories of the Titanic :: Sinking of the Titanic

I remember my childhood years quite well. I had lived with my big brother, Colby Winston, ever since I was five, I don’t remember much before that though. We traveled all around Europe; Colby was a big gambler and loved to make bets. He lied, he cheated, everything was always changing. Colby promised me one thing though, â€Å"Reagan,† he would say, â€Å"one days it gunna be you and me, in the United States.† I really wanted to believe him, but I never saw it coming true. But then one day, one lucky day, Colby won the biggest hand of poker. Along with money, cigars, and a bracelet for me, he won two tickets to get aboard the Titanic! On April 10, 1912, Colby and I boarded the Titanic from the Southampton Harbor. It was my first time on a ship but I wasn’t that scared, Colby would describe me as a girl without fear. There were thousands of people lined up to board, Colby made me hold his hand so we wouldn’t get separated. After we put our bags into our third class room I wanted to explore. Colby didn’t mind that I wondered around but before I left he would always say, â€Å"If anything bad happens, you know where to find me.† He would be at one of the gambling tables testing his luck again. I loved to go watch the first class people through the ballroom windows. They were so proper and perfect. Sometimes I would wish that Colby would get rich so we could live like that, things would be a lot easier for us considering we didn’t have much money. The next day, Colby and I ate lunch on the deck with some of his gambling friends. It was really interesting to listen to their conversations, one of the guys they called Cash brought up that the Titanic was an unsinkable ship. â€Å"That’s not true,† I said, â€Å"no ship can be unsinkable, if it crashes it will sink.† They all just laughed at me, Colby said I just didn’t understand, and he was right, I didn’t. I went to bed early that night, after my walk around deck watching the sun set. I was so tired that I drifted into a deep sleep. â€Å"Reagan, wake up!† Colby was shaking me as if something terrible had happened â€Å"We got to go, get our shoes! Quickly!† I did as he asked, even though I didn’t know what was happening.

Is Speaking the Most Difficult Skill?

Is speaking the most difficult skill? In my opinion it is hard to say. It depends on the age of the speaker, his level of English, how long is he learning and also what kind of English does he operates (possess). There is a big difference between a student of a university where he is studying English and a person (e. g. at the same age) who knows English from some courses. So that is why I am not sure about question whether is speaking the most difficult skill. From my own experience I would say that speaking is maybe at the same level as listening.But I think that listening is little bit more difficult than speaking because when you are speaking, you have some time to thing about the vocabulary, to choose the right word and what is the most important, if you are not able to find the right word (or you do not know how to say it in English) you can use circumlocution, describe the word but also the listener can help you in some way. Whereas in listening there are not so many possibili ties how to understand the meaning.There are not so many ways how to help yourself. Mr. Brown says that ,,spoken language does indeed contain a good deal of redundancy, it also has many reduced forms†¦Ã¢â‚¬  That is why (in my opinion) is listening more difficult. Person who is on the elementary or intermediate level is not able to understand reduced forms in the stream of sounds (speech) like I’ll /ail/, you’d /youd/ etc. He does not understand what does â€Å"ail† mean. He knows only â€Å"I will†. But when speaker say ,,I will† not â€Å"I’ll† there is no mistake.Another example why speaking is not the most difficult (while listening is) is because of ,,the rephrasings, repetitions, elaborations and little insertions of ? I mean? and ? you know? etc. † (Brown). This means that using of these â€Å"empty† phrases is not obligatory for the speaker. Of course the speech is more natural by using these phrases. On the other hand, these â€Å"empty† phrases may cause to listener-beginner some problems in understanding although sometimes they can help to be fixed (oriented) in given information.There is also another reason why listening is more difficult that speaking. Let us take the speed of the speech. Many people who were abroad (Great Britain, USA†¦) say that they had problems with listening comprehension for first one or two months. Every native has his own speed of speaking (which is sometimes quite fast) and I am not speaking about dialect or accent. Person who is listening to native can have problems to catch some word or even meaning. But in speaking it is easier.It does not matter which kind of speed you are speaking or which kind of accent do you have. Native or non-native will understand what are you talking about At the end I would say that the most important is that we can not separate listening from speaking and speaking from listening. Both are difficult (more than read ing and writing) but according to my opinion and my experience, speaking is not the most difficult skill. I think that listening is the most difficult.

Reflection About My First Year of College

After ending this first year of college I experienced a lot of things and I will remember most of them for the rest of my life. I have experienced some good things and some others that have not been that good, but probably that is part of college and being away from home. Obviously, I would like to have changed some of those, but some others I would not have changed. I am going to start talking about all the things I would like to have change.During this first year I have lived good and bad moments, but I have learnt a lot about all I lived. I would like to say that one of the things that have affected me the most is living so far from home. I am not used to live away from home and it has been a problem during the all year, especially at the beginning. I missed my family a lot, because we were so close and I missed my friends as well. The other thing I would have change would definitely be my dorm. This year I probably lived in the worse dorm we have on Ohio.I know for fact that it i s one of the oldest ones and it has not been renovated for more than a few years. First of all, the all hall smelled pretty bad. I do not know exactly what it was but it smelled old and it seemed dirty. Another part of it was the rooms. The rooms were small and badly distributed. They had one bed almost next to the other, and then they had just one desk for two people. Another bad thing about my dorm would be the bathrooms. We did not have a private bathroom, and they were pretty badly built.We only had four showers for the whole floor. It means twenty or twenty five people for four showers. The last thing I want to mention that I do not like about my dorm is about the laundry. When I first got in my dorm and I put my first laundry, I took my clothes out of the dryer and they were one or two sizes smaller than usual. After that I thought they would get smaller every time but they did not. Finally, the only thing I like about the rooms is that they have a sink. It is always nice if y ou can wash your hands and brush your teeth in your own room.I came to the United States to play soccer and this year has been a hard year for me. I have not played like I would like to have done it. Probably because of all the things I said above that have not gone very well. This is the reason why this year has not been perfect. After all, I have learnt about it and I am ready to come back next year and try my best again. Definitely I would have changed my first year of tennis and I would like to have been more successful. Moving on I am going to talk about the experiences I would not have changed.The most important one is my friends. I made a lot of friends here through the year and I would not change them for anything. I really like people from the United Stated, I think they are so friendly and they try to help you anytime. I will always remember when I first got here at ohio I was kind a lost on campus and everybody could tell that and most of them tried to help me. Another im portant thing that has affected me is the language. But I want to say that I would not have changed that.I am from Spain and as everybody knows the main language is Spanish, not English. It is true that a lot of people there speak English but when I came I did not know this language really well and I had to work so hard to be able to speak and write it like now. I still think I have a lot to improve but I speak it much better that last semester. I have to say it has been an important issue because I was pretty scared to come in the United States because I knew I had to understand people, talk to them, and write for school.Later on I realized that the only way to improve quickly in another language is by moving to the country and interacting with the people. Finally, I would not have changed my roommate. We are both from Spain and I knew him before we came here in the United States. I have known him since we were twelve because both of us play tennis. That is why we came to ohio, to be able to play tennis and study at the same time and together. I think I was lucky because we had a room together because it must be really hard to live and share a room with somebody that you do not know.I think every country has its own culture and if you have a roommate from another country it can be a little bit hard. Like I said before, I got lucky to share a room with him and even though I knew him from Spain you really only get to know someone when you live with them. It has been hard but we had so much fun and we really enjoyed the experience. In conclusion, I had a lot of fun this year at Ohio, and there are some things I would have changed but I think I learnt from them and I will learn more about other experiences that will happen next year.

Personal Response Essay The Loons Essays

Personal Response Essay The Loons Essays Personal Response Essay The Loons Essay Personal Response Essay The Loons Essay She was rejected because she represented an ethnic group, which society then classified as a half-breed, neither Cree nor French. Though I cannot say that have personally experienced, to the same extent as Pique, the same type of alienation, I would have to say that I can relate to her with regards to being a half-breed. Coming from a family of multicultural backgrounds Ive never really noticed, that unlike most full blooded Filipinos, I actually stood out because I looked different when compared to them. On my dads side of the family, my great grandpa was Spanish, which explains my last name Lyrical, which Isnt your typical Filipino last name. On my moms side of the family, My great grandma was full Chinese and my retreat grandpa was half Portuguese, which I think explains some of our distinct features such as our lighter skin and browner eyes. So with that in mind, when everything came together, you get me! Many have told me that I don look full Filipino, some even say I don look It at all, but the one question that really sucks out In my head Is when people would Just randomly ask me, So what are you? I know they dont mean to be rude, it sometimes comes off to me as a little puzzling because if I tell them Filipino then they dont always believe me and then more questions come and this is usually when I egging to feel as if I need to explain myself! Although this doesnt bug me much, there are stereotypes and names that people would sometimes use, which may not seem rude or prejudice to them, but In reality can be really hurtful for us. The Tonsures were French half-breeds, and among themselves they spoke a patois that was neither Cree nor French. Their English was broken and full of obscenities. (1059) I find this a great example, which highlights how society, at the time, discriminated against differences in dialect. Language is a very Important factor because It Is the basis of understanding. Although I find people have been more accepting AT variations Ana Territories In languages Ana accents, tenure are still lingering stereotypes and underlying comments which can still be offensive to many. A perfect example would be, how people in my generation would label those whom just migrated to Canada , from another country, such as the Philippines, a FOB, which stands for, Fresh Off the Boat, because their English is not meeting societies standards. Vive been fortunate enough to live in Canada all my life and have not acquired the stereotypical fob accent, but it still affects me when I hear others using he term fob because though it is not directed to me, I still feel part of the group that they are referring to. One unconscious fear that people have, is being part of those alienated by society. Times have drastically changed and people have become more and more accepting of different races, cultures, languages, appearances, even sexual preference. As positive as this establishment has been, we cant deny that there will always be those individuals who will refuse and continually disapprove of these changes. I feel that Laurence did a great Job of expressing to the readers her sad findings about our society. In a way, The Loon, is a short story about life, how most of us are alone, rejected, alienated, and misunderstood. Ill tell you something else All the old bitched an biddies in this town will sure be surprised. Im getting married to this fall?my boyfriend, hes an English feels, works in the stockyards in the city there, a very tall guy, got blond wax. Y hair. Gee, is he ever handsome. Got this real classy name. Alvin Gerald Cummings?some handle, eh? (413) Like Pique, I think many of us can relate to the struggle that she had undergone, o try and keep her distinct personality and identity. We see her longing to belong and be accepted, into a society, whom even until the day she dies, cant help but continue to pass Judgment on her. I really enjoyed this short story because it really opened my eyes to many different aspects of life. Whether were a visible minority, or not, I think its all what we make of it. Ultimately, at the end of the day, I feel we are responsible for our actions and how we take things into account. Learn to love ourselves and accept who we are, and everything else should fall into place!

Should animals be used for researchEssay Writing Service

Should animals be used for researchEssay Writing Service Should animals be used for research? Should animals be used for research?Since long time ago animals starting from mice to cows have been used for researches. There are lots of examples of testing these or that phenomena on animals. But is it correct? Is it human? And what well-known animal defence communities say? Well, there are many points of views concerning the topic. Some may say that animal testing has its advantages, as it helps the society. But what are the benefits from using animals for scientific researches? Firstly, different research institutions in the world say that with the help of such experiments, there is still live of Earth. Just recall the testing with dogs which led to the discovering of insulin. Today the medical drug is used in order to save the lives of diabetics. And now imagine how many ill people were recovered and how many use insulin right now. Irrespective of it, the contribution of animals is huge, as today the scientists have already found treatment methods for such illnesses as brain i njury, malaria, childhood leukemia, breast cancer, tuberculosis and many more. Nowadays people have hope for surviving. Is it a great step forward? Yes, it is. But how about the animals? Biologists decide to conduct an experiment on an animal without asking; supposing, no human would like to be experimented on, would he? So, why animals should be used for it? They are endangered. The testing of cosmetics is also held upon animals; the components of cosmetic tools can cause irritation, burn, inflammation and other complications. We live in a modern world, where the computers and other techniques are the main part of our daily life. So, the cosmetics can be easily tested on the computer. It is possible now to see all the effects of a product on the monitor. On the other hand, after animal testing, a woman can be sure that the cosmetic is worth buying, as it safe for her skin and health. Some of you would ask: why animals are chosen for realizing scientific research? The reaction of an imals on different phenomenon can differ from that of a human one. Actually, it is not always true. The DNA of chimpanzees is 99% similar to ours. Can you believe that mice are similar to humans for 98%? It is amazing, isn’t it? Mammals have the same organs that each of you has: lungs, heart, kidneys etc. Thanks this similarity, the scientists can explore and learn the set of organs, test different remedies and find out the one which can be used for curing people. For this reason all of us should be thankful for not using our organs for making experiments. But many of you must know that there is in vitro testing. What are the peculiarities of it? Well, in order not to use animals in researches some scientists prefer using human cells. From one point of view, this testing allows making more correct conclusions about a disease. There is also an opinion that these animal experiments also save the lives of animals. When the biologists work on finding new vaccines, they, first of all, try it on the animal; in such way the animal is vaccinated and is endangered from suffering from illnesses. The other problem which the tests help with is extinction. The black footed ferret, tamarins in Brazil and condor from California are still alive thanks being tested on. The scientific centers make us sure that save methods of research only are used. But sometimes, this way doesn’t work. The vaccine may be prepared incorrectly or it may not work. Or at least, some drugs which may have positive effect on human’s body, can affect of animals in a harmful way. What to do then? What to do it the vaccine caused for death? There is no way back, unfortunately. But the most unpleasant thing is that not all of animals which are used for researches are protected by the animal welfare act. But even those animals, whose life is protected, can get badly injured. None of us can imagine the pain during the experiments. As a result of an unsuccessful research, the animal wel fare act can do nothing about it. The other side of the problem concerns the animals which people consumes every day when they have a meal. Do you think it is human to eat a chicken? Before it got into your plate, it was also alive. People don’t complain about it, as the chicken should be eaten for the person to live. But the scientific and biological researches are also conducted for making the life of people safer and better, don’t they? Of course, there are vegetarians, who do not eat meat al all, but still the majority of people of Earth do eat. What is the difference than? What do you think about it? Do you think it is fair? Well, this question: whether to use animal for scientific researches or not is still worth being considered, as there is no one strict opinion on it. The worldwide animal defense communities cannot answer it either. Some see it inhumanly, but others don’t agree with it. As for the people, they also have different point of views. But jus t think how many benefits we have today thanks the biological experiments which were held in the last years. There are many happy and live people, who could overcome even the most terrible disease cancer. And just few decades ago it was unreal. Today the drug stores are full of medicals that can be used for recovering from many illnesses. So, should animals be used for research? The question is opened and there is no any ban for making animal researches, so they are still held in biological institutions. All is important now is that all animal testing should be provided with safe technologies, as the life of animals must be respected. But is there is a possibility to avoid animal researches, so it is better to use alternative methods, of course, in order not to cause harm for living creatures.

The Fujita Scale for Tornado Damage

The Fujita Scale for Tornado Damage Note: The U.S. National Weather Service has updated the Fujita Scale of tornado intensity to a new Enhanced Fujita Scale. The new Enhanced Fujita Scale continues to use F0-F5 ratings (shown below) but is based on a additional calculations of wind and damage. It was implemented in the United States on February 1, 2007. Tetsuya Theodore Ted Fujita (1920-1998) is famous for developing the Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale, a scale used to measure the strength of a tornado based on the damage it produces. Fujita was born in Japan and studied the damage caused by the atomic bomb in Hiroshima. He developed his scale in 1971 while working as a meteorologist with the University of Chicago. The Fujita Scale (also known as the F-Scale) typically consists of six ratings from F0 to F5, with damage rated as light to incredible. Sometimes, an F6 category, the inconceivable tornado is included in the scale. Since the Fujita Scale is based on damage and not really wind speed or pressure, it is not perfect. The primary problem is that a tornado can only be measured in the Fujita Scale after it has occurred. Secondly, the tornado can not be measured if there is no damage when the tornado occurs in an area without any features to be damaged. Nonetheless, the Fujita Scale has proven to be a reliable measurement of the strength of a tornado. Tornado damage needs to be examined by experts in order to assign a Fujita Scale rating to the tornado. Sometimes tornado damage appears worse than it actually is and sometimes, the media may overemphasize certain aspects of the damage tornadoes can cause. For example, straw can be driven into telephone poles at speeds as low as 50 mph. The Fujita Tornado Intensity Scale F0 - Gale With winds of less than 73 miles per hour (116 kph), F0 tornadoes are called gale tornadoes and cause some damage to chimneys, damage sign boards, and break branches off of trees and topple shallow-rooted trees. F1 - Moderate With winds from 73 to 112 mph (117-180 kph), F1 tornadoes are called moderate tornadoes. They peel surfaces off of roofs, push mobile homes off of their foundations or even overturn them, and push cars off of the road. F0 and F1 tornadoes are considered weak; 74% of all measured tornadoes from 1950 to 1994 are weak. F2 - Significant With winds from 113-157 mph (181-253 kph), F2 tornadoes are called significant tornadoes and cause considerable damage. They can tear the roofs off of light frame houses, demolish mobile homes, overturn railroad boxcars, uproot or snap large trees, lift cars off the ground, and turn light objects into missiles. F3 - Severe With winds from 158-206 mph (254-332 kph), F3 tornadoes are called severe tornadoes. They can tear the roofs and walls off of well-constructed houses, uproot the trees in a forest, overturn entire trains, and can throw cars. F2 and F3 tornadoes are considered strong and account for 25% of all tornadoes measured from 1950 to 1994. F4 - Devastating With winds from 207-260 mph (333-416 kph), F4 tornadoes are called devastating tornadoes. They level well-constructed houses, blow structures with weak foundations some distances, and turn large objects into missiles. F5 - Incredible With winds from 261-318 mph (417-509 kph), F5 tornadoes are called incredible tornadoes. They lift and blow strong houses, debark trees, cause car-sized objects to fly through the air, and cause incredible damage and phenomena to occur. F4 and F5 tornadoes are called violent and account for a mere 1% of all tornadoes measured from 1950 to 1994. Very few F5 tornadoes occur. F6 - Inconceivable With winds above 318 mph (509 kph), F6 tornadoes are considered inconceivable tornadoes. No F6 has ever been recorded and the wind speeds are very unlikely. It would be difficult to measure such a tornado as there would be no objects left to study. Some continue to measure tornadoes up to F12 and Mach 1 (the speed of sound) at 761.5 mph (1218.4 kph) but again, this a hypothetical modification of the Fujita Scale.

Computer Based Training (CBT) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Computer Based Training (CBT) - Essay Example Many of them are utilising computer based training. Why is this so? According to Business & Legal Minds, Incorporation (2005), human interaction remains an intricate part of workplace training. Nevertheless, computer based training avails the technological solution to traditional types of training. It is said to improve these traditional types of training. Computer based training varies from text-only programs to using CD-ROM, and to virtual reality programs. Companies and organizations are using this type of training because it can be customized according to the needs of the individual employee. It is also avails the employees with a choice. That is; they learn, when, how, and where they want. To many companies, it is cost-effective as many employees can use a single equipment. They also allow employees to learn at their convenience. The interactive mode of some programs makes it an interesting training program for employees. Most importantly, the employee progress can be tracked. Some of the programs have post-exams that permit companies to know i f the employee has comprehended the training. The score avails a good parameter for the trainer to evaluate the effectiveness of the training program. Hence, companies are choosing computer based training over other training methods due to the advantages it is availing along with its association with the modern world where society is becoming more and more technologically advanced (Business & Legal Reports, Inc.,

Business Environment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Business Environment - Essay Example These elements may include leadership and management, clientele, technological factors, rules and regulations of a government, competition, financial planning. In addition, marketing strategies, demand and supply within the area of business, the economic inclinations are other factors that influence the business environment (McNamara 1999). Therefore, the is a distinction in both the purpose and objectives of different types of organizations within any business environment. This determines whether the organization is profit or nonprofit based (McNamara 1999). Profit organizations have the sole purpose of generating profits, such that the amount of money the organization is taking out should be less than the amount of money the organization is taking in (McNamara 1999). In addition, the organization leaders or owners may opt to hold s larger portion of the returns after deducting all the expenses such as salaries and benefits to employees, bills, among others (McNamara 1999). Addition ally, in the profit organizations, the management may choose to cut back on running costs in order to maximize profits. For example, the organization may choose to cut back on personnel in case the management feels that they do not require as much personal or in case they want to incorporate more technological advancements (McNamara 1999). In general, the management has the overall decision making capacity and formulate plans that enable the organization maximize on its returns as it acquires its market share within the economic sector. As a result, marketing strategies become vital for profit organizations as its main goal is to maximize its returns through reaching to a larger clientele (McNamara 1999). Examples of profit organization include Coca Cola, Microsoft, Apple, Samsung, among others. On the other hand, the sole purpose of nonprofit organizations is to benefit the society. They are mostly created for specific tasks such as religious, educational, or charitable (Carter 200 8). For the sole purpose of nonprofit organizations is to serve the community, they operate under strict rules and regulations that ban the owners of the organization from taking the profits for their own gain. This means that, nonprofit organizations have laws that allow them to operate some business activities although the proceeds obtained are to benefit the community (McNamara 1999). Therefore, the profits obtained from the business activities is recirculates into the organization in order for it to achieve its mission and objectives for the community (Carter 2008). Therefore, nonprofit organizations not only run some business activities but they obtain their funding from donations from the public or grants from other organizations. The examples of nonprofit organizations include research institutes, foundations, public schools, public universities, museums, public hospitals, professional associations, among others (Justia 2013). Typical real world examples include Red Cross, UN , (Justia 2013). Any organization, whether profit or nonprofit formulated objectives and missions targeting a particular group or clientele. Therefore, any organization has responsibilities to reach their targets. For instance, in case the organization is profit based, then its responsibilities will vary from making sure of the

Whether or not the right balance between preference, obligation and Essay

Whether or not the right balance between preference, obligation and feasibility is being struck by judges - Essay Example Whether or not the right balance between preference, obligation and feasibility is being struck by judges Although previously, it was not recognised that judges make laws, the modern view is that they make laws. This view is supported by Lord Radcliffe (Doctrine of Precedent Online). The judge continually applies the law to new situations and cases and in the process creating new laws. However, there are instances when courts decline to change the law on the ground that it is better for the Parliament to remake the law. In the case of R v Clegg, it was suggested that fairness would be achieved by charging Clegg of manslaughter instead of murder because of his wrong reaction but without evil motive (National Decisions 1967). And that a new qualified defence be available to a soldier or police who used excessive force as a defence or in the prevention of a crime. The reduction of murder to manslaughter should better be left for the Parliament to change because that issue is part of a wider issue of maintaining a mandatory life sentence for murder. (Doctrine of Precedent Online). In the cas e of C v DPP (1995), it was put in issue whether to abolish the presumption that a child of 10 to 14 years of age is incapable to commit a crime. The House did not abolish it but called upon the Parliament to review it. Lord Lowry provided guidelines for judicial law-making, as follows: (a) not imposing a remedy where the solution to a problem is doubtful; b) be cautious of making changes if Parliament itself refused to deal with a known problem or has legislated but left the problem untouched.

How I met Your Mother TV Show Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How I met Your Mother TV Show - Essay Example Both Carter bays and Craig Thomas had been friends for a long time before teaming up to create this TV show. Both of them live in New York. The How I met your mother TV show has so far had 184 episodes and four different directors throughout the entire nine seasons. Pamela Fryman directed 172 episodes, Rob Greenberg directed seven episodes, Michael Shea has directed 4 episodes and Neil Patrick Harris has directed one episode of the show. How I met your mother is one of my favorite comedies of all time. I have watched the entire show from the first season to the current last season and it has never disappointed. I like its setting and the actors also help to bring out a great sense of humor to crack ones ribs. The show is centered on the main character, Ted Mosby, together with his friends living in Manhattan, New York. The show is set in the year 2030, where Ted Mosby recounts to his children, son and daughter, about the happenings that led to him meeting their mother before they got married. The show has relatively received positive reviews since its premiere episode and has become known for its eccentric humor and unique structure. This has enabled the show to garner a multitude of followers over the years that it has been showing. How I met your mother has won nine Emmy Awards and 28 nominations for the same awards. The show’s actress, Alyson Hannigan, was awarded the People’s Choice Award for being the favorite TV comedy actress in 2010. The show also won the People’s Choice Award for being the favorite comedy show on television network in 2012, 7 years after its debut episode. Neil Patrick Harris has also won the People’s Choice for being the most favorite TV comedy actor. The Pilot project for the show was shot at CBS Radford while each of the other episodes were shot at Soundstage Studio in Los Angeles over a period of three days. Each of the episodes includes at least fifty scenes. The laugh track of the show is later on recorded at a l ive audience that was shown in the final edited episode. The show’s theme song, ‘Hey Beautiful’ was composed by The Solids, a band that both Thomas and Bays are members. Production of the show was temporarily halted during the third season between during the strike of 2007-2008 involving the Writers Guild of America. The strike ended on 17th March, 2008 and production of the show’s episodes resumed with nine new episodes being shot. There was a slight change in the time slot for airing the show on CBS upon resuming production. The show flip- flopped with another sitcom, The Big Bang Theory during the summer and aired at 8:30pm ET/7:30PM CT. A fourth season was renewed by CBS in 2008 and premiered on 22ndd September, 2008. First Evaluation of the Show How I met your mother has received affirmative reviews from a majority of movie review sites and magazines across the world. The show has run for almost fifteen years and has a huge following, some of them who have also written different opinions about the show. The Guardian’s Anna Pickard is one of the movie reviewers for the newspaper and has thrown praise on the show. In her review article in The Guardian Newspaper titles, ‘How I met Neil Patrick Harris’, she praises the show and the actors as being one of the best shows in terms of its format and the comedy involved. She says the show is ‘clever’ and the fact that it has been set twenty years in to the future makes it more interesting for the jokes to set in (Anna, 2009). The characters in the show are also great and help to make the show even better by helping viewers to follow in their lives as

Mitigating Toxic Leadership Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mitigating Toxic Leadership - Case Study Example Risk avoidance and risk reduction are the possible strategies that should be considered in helping the SVP, his employees, and the organization. Risk avoidance, according to Baker (2009) involves application of an alternative approach that eliminates a problem or its effects. Conflicting attitude from employees and clients identifies situational leadership approach that is yielding returns, though with employee turnover as a consequence. Introducing a management level between the SVP and his staff, while retaining the SVP’s direct contact with clients, is likely to eliminate the employees’ negative attitude, risk of high turnover, and its effects. Cost of employing the supervisor will be less than the long-term cost of recruiting and training employees and the negative image that the employees’ experience can have on the organization. Risk reduction, according to Boehm, Lane, Koolmanojwong, and Tuner (2014), involves lowering probability of risk occurrence and un derstanding the SVP’s expectations from his employees and training employees to meet the expectation is an example. This is better than recruitment and training of new employees but is relatively costly. The SVP’s strengths identify need for his retention in the organization. Risk avoidance and risk reduction are the possible mitigation strategies but relative cost effectiveness of risk avoidance, through changing structure, is the best option for managing the situation. Boehm, B., Lane, J., Koolmanojwong, S., and Tuner, R. (2014). The incremental commitment spiral model: Principles and practices for successful systems and software. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley

Elements of a risk management program Term Paper

Elements of a risk management program - Term Paper Example The American Society for Healthcare Risk Management (ASHRM) established in1980, responded to the probing risk management interest. With time other entities such as those of ambulatory care, long-term care began to implement risk management program since they realized its value (ASHRM, 2009). This paper will analyze ways of presenting a healthcare risk management program to new employees especially, evaluate its acceptance and compliance and suggest recommendations on the same. It will also examine the administration process of management of the program with ASHRM as the case study. Since the world is dynamic, risks also change with passing time, so does the management of risks. Youngberg (1998) holds that with the changing nature of risk management, effective communication lies in the centrality of risk management program. Thus, lines of communication must be open for a successful risk management program. There should be open lines of communication between staff, employees and the team of healthcare professionals as a whole: nursing staff, ancillary staff, administration and medical staff. Education is a very vital element in risk management program of a health care organization. New employees who may not be familiar with the organization’s policies, risk management measures and ways of addressing them would be of dire need of this education more than other employees. However, this does not mean that the rest of the organization’s staff would be cut off. Before the presentation, the risk manager should create a checklist for the program’s objectives; that is what the educator would want the attendee to gain from the program. Another checklist to remind the educator of the administrative issues related to the program should also be established. The risk manager or educator should then hold a mandatory formal meeting that would include both new and other employees of the healthcare organization. The educator’s credibility is essential for

Mitigating Toxic Leadership Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Mitigating Toxic Leadership - Case Study Example Risk avoidance and risk reduction are the possible strategies that should be considered in helping the SVP, his employees, and the organization. Risk avoidance, according to Baker (2009) involves application of an alternative approach that eliminates a problem or its effects. Conflicting attitude from employees and clients identifies situational leadership approach that is yielding returns, though with employee turnover as a consequence. Introducing a management level between the SVP and his staff, while retaining the SVP’s direct contact with clients, is likely to eliminate the employees’ negative attitude, risk of high turnover, and its effects. Cost of employing the supervisor will be less than the long-term cost of recruiting and training employees and the negative image that the employees’ experience can have on the organization. Risk reduction, according to Boehm, Lane, Koolmanojwong, and Tuner (2014), involves lowering probability of risk occurrence and un derstanding the SVP’s expectations from his employees and training employees to meet the expectation is an example. This is better than recruitment and training of new employees but is relatively costly. The SVP’s strengths identify need for his retention in the organization. Risk avoidance and risk reduction are the possible mitigation strategies but relative cost effectiveness of risk avoidance, through changing structure, is the best option for managing the situation. Boehm, B., Lane, J., Koolmanojwong, S., and Tuner, R. (2014). The incremental commitment spiral model: Principles and practices for successful systems and software. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Addison-Wesley

How can TQM be Applied to Entrepreneurship Essay Example for Free

How can TQM be Applied to Entrepreneurship Essay Total Quality Management Defined Total Quality management refers to a management process and array of disciplines that are harmonized to ensure that the organization constantly meets and exceeds customer requirements. TQM connects all divisions, departments and levels of the organization. Good management organizes all of its strategy and operations around customer requirements and builds a culture with high employee participation. TQM companies are focused on the methodical management of data of all processes and practices to remove waste and follow constant improvement. Entrepreneurship Defined Entrepreneurship is defined as the process of creating something new with value by devoting the required time and effort, assuming the associated financial, psychic, and social risks, and receiving the resulting rewards of financial and personal satisfaction and independence. (Hisrich et al, 2005) TQM Application to Entrepreneurship: An Introduction Nowadays entrepreneurs are concerned about total quality management. This involves the pursuit of total customer satisfaction, constant improvement of products and the full involvement of every employee. As Total Quality Management has shown to be a useful process for improving organizational performance, its value can only be guaranteed through a wide-ranging and well  ¬thought-out execution process.   An initial step in TQM implementation is to evaluate the organizations existing reality: relevant prerequisites have to do with the organizations history, its present requirements, swift events leading to TQM, and the existing employee quality of working life. If the existing reality does not include important prerequisites, TQM implementation should be postponed until the organization is in a state in which TQM is likely to thrive. If an organization has a history of efficient receptiveness to the environment, and if it has been able to effectively change the way it functions when needed, TQM will be easier to apply. If an organization has been traditionally imprudent and has no skill at improving its operating systems, there will be both employee uncertainty and a lack of skilled change agents. If this condition exists, a broad program of management and leadership development may be established. A management audit (Sugarman, 1988) is a good evaluation tool to see current levels of organizational functioning and areas in need of change. An organization should be in essence healthy before beginning TQM. If it has major problems such as a very unsteady funding base, poor administrative systems, lack of managerial skill, or poor employee morale, TQM would not be fitting. All the same, a particular level of stress is perhaps desirable to start TQM: people need to feel a need for a change. Kanter (1983) focus on this phenomenon by describing building blocks which are present in efficient organizational change. These forces include departures from tradition, an emergency or galvanizing incident, strategic decisions, individual prime movers, and action vehicles. Departures from tradition are activities, generally at lower levels of the organization, which happens when entrepreneurs move outside the normal ways of operating to solve a problem. A predicament, if it is not too disabling, can also help create a sense of necessity which can activate people to act. In the case of TQM, this may be a funding cut or threat, or demands from consumers or other stakeholders for enhanced quality of service. After a crisis, a leader may get involved strategically by expressing a new vision of the future to help the organization deal with it. A plan to execute TQM may be such a strategic decision. Such a leader may then become a prime mover, who takes charge in advocating the new idea and showing others how it will help them get where they want to go. Lastly, action vehicles are needed: mechanisms or structures to facilitate the change to happen and become institutionalized. TQM Visionary Leadership Leadership is an important element in successful implementation of sweeping change. The leader shows the need and sets the vision, outlining the basic purpose, objectives, and factors or requirements of TQM. The leader needs to take a long-term outlook, and must be able to inspire others to stick with the process during early stages when resistance and obstacles may seem overwhelming. The favored leadership style would be a participative one, so that staff may be involved in the design of the particular system elements. Once that strategic direction has been established, a participative style may be used on implementation details. Before this decision, obviously, the manger should study TQM, talk to others who have used it, and possibly attend a preliminary training session. This is important in order for the manager to precisely assess the fit between TQM and his style. This will be necessary in establishing an organizational culture which is in agreement with TQM, promoting and strengthening continuous quality improvement (Cohen and Brand, 1993, 118). Conclusions To sum up, first assess requirements and the existing state of the organization to make sure the need for change is clear and that TQM is a proper strategy. Leadership styles and organizational culture must be congruent with TQM.   Entrepreneurs will need to keep their commitment, keep the process visible, provide necessary support, and hold people responsible for results. Use input from stakeholder as possible; and maximize employee involvement in design of the system.   TQM should be principle motivated. It can be a powerful technique for giving a free rein to employee ingenuity and potential, reducing bureaucracy and costs, and improving service to clients and the community. References Cohen, S. Brand, R. (1993), Total Quality Management in Government. San Francisco: Jossey ¬Bass, Inc. Hisrich, R. D., M. P. Peters and D. A. Shepherd, 2005, Entrepreneurship, 6th Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill. Kanter, R. (1983), The Change Masters. New York: Simon Schuster. Sugarman, B. (1988), The Well Managed Human Service Organization: Criteria for a Management Audit, Administration in Social Work. 12(2), 17 ¬27.

Importance of Effective Project Management

Importance of Effective Project Management Project management is applied to various tasks in our lives and work. it provides skills and knowledge that are used to control and manage the introduction of new initiatives or changes. Projects are determined in terms of the time, scope, procurement, quality and cost (Clement and Gido, 2009, p.13). It entails a number of activities that must be done in the specified time, under a fixed budget with the given resources. It is noted that project management is not limited to organizational or institutional initiatives but can be applied to personal and school items. The expectations are that the acquired project must be handled with appropriate project management tools and techniques in order to achieve the project goals. There are important aspects of any project; one of the most important of these is the project manager. The project manager is tasked with the responsibility of making sure that the principles, tools and techniques are applied effectively to make sure that the project succeeds. In this respect, as a student doing a dissertation, I will be the project manager in charge of my project. My responsibility will be to make sure that the project principles are observed in the research proposal and the final report. The project will take the time line between 10th September and the 20th November of this academic year. This time will be used to write the research proposal, collect data, analyze, write reports and make the necessary corrections as suggested by my supervisors. The project will encompass any resources in terms of time and finance as it is available to me. The project will involve several people, the project manager, who will also the researcher, fellow students who will be consult ed, and the supervisor will give expert opinion. Principles of Project Management Significance of the Study The first principles entail the purpose of the project, which is demonstrated through, the significance of the study to the society, the contributions it makes to current knowledge and the outcomes of the reports (Clement and Lewis, 2006, p.17). Therefore, the dissertation proposal and reports must address the significance of the recommendations as they apply to the society, knowledge base and the research questions. This then will entail the identification of appropriate research questions. Research questions to be addressed in this dissertation will address the main and specific objectives. They will ask on how much the topic is relevant to current societal and research environments. The dissertation must address the applicability of the recommendations and the viability of the research method. If the reports are based on sound academic principles the dissertation them must be able to defend the ideas proposed. Relevance of the study At the same time the dissertation must be relevant to current academic standards. This will be proven through the literature review which gives strong background of the research problem that is based on other researches. This section will reveal the strengths and weaknesses of other researches and how the dissertation will address and resole them in the report. At this point relevance will also be proven with a problem statement and explained through the provision of the significance of the problem. The project cannot exist without the identification of a problem or the reasons of having the project. The significance of the problem is sued to explain with relevant academic and theoretical support the reasons for the project. Relevance is used to explain to any donor of the project, support group, and programme the importance of the project. Feasibility of the dissertation The project must also be feasible. This is achieved through the identification and use of locally available resources like time, finance and human resources in the project development. The dissertation will take into consideration the resources in terms of finance; time allocated by the institution, research materials available in the library, online resources and classroom materials. Furthermore, feasibility will be achieved through a listing of the activities that will be carried out during the research stage. At this point the project will utilize any research method that will be deemed fit to collect the necessary data. Some of the research methods that will be used by this report are like data analysis, qualitative analysis, questionnaires and interviews. The feasibility will not be complete without identification of the limitations (Lewsi, 2006, p.14). The possible limitations of the study will entail the difficulties the study discovered in the research methods, the data analy sis report of the findings, the analysis of the budget, time and resources. Accuracy of the Dissertation The dissertation project must be accurate for it to qualify as an academic material. This will be achieved though its ability to be congruent with the theoretical predictions of available data and studies that have been achieved in the past (Lock, 2007, p.23). The reports must also make reference to expert work and must cite each literature review with proper expert references. At the end of the report proper verification of data must be made by referencing the source of the data, techniques used to acquire the data, methods used to quantify and analysis the data. Accountability The dissertation must also be accountable, therefore the project manager, or the research student will make detailed accounts of the actions taken and the decisions made during the research. At the same time this will be achieved through justification of any regress made from the original research design this will then be supported by any acknowledgements of any limitations. Objectives of the dissertation The objectives of the dissertation are only said to be viable if they meet a certain standard. The first is that they must be specific; this means that each objective must have a detailed point of focus. Therefore, in the dissertation specific objectives will be attained if they mention; the topic of the project, the time for meeting a certain plan, the methodologies in the research, the data collecting tools, data analysis and any other detailed account that relates to the project. At the same time they must be measurable, which is achieved through the use of the word have gained, achieved. The objectives will also be assignable to the relevant persons related to the project and must be realistic in attainment. This means that they are within budget, time slot and within the qualifications of the project participants (Kerzner, 2009, p.13). Project Management Tools The project research will take into consideration several project management tools and techniques. These are supposed to make sure the project is successful; therefore the project will be undertaken according to the following project management tools (Haynes, 2002, p.45). Resources The first resource is finance which will entail the amount of money available to the project. This is either from funding from the department or faculty or the amount of money in the pocket. Planning for this will entail a detailed budget that will entail the identification of all the functions, aspects, resources and items for the project that need to be purchased. It will also give the details of any outside help in terms of an analysts, internet access or any material assistance used in the project. It should also consider the finance used by the project owner for transportation, and expenses when conducting research. Time will be accounted for through the creation of a time plan, or a work plan. These will entail the identification and listing of all the steps that will be followed from proposal writing, presentation, defending, data collection, analysis, report writing and presentation. Every step between the two will be listed down and a time frame allocated to each (Hamel, 2007, p.32). The next item in the resources is persons who are important to the project. The first person is the project manager; I will be in charge of the project as it entails my dissertation. I have the responsibility of coming up with the project title, the identification of the problem, objectives and goals. I should also give a rationale for the study and support my ideas with appropriate academic literature with proper expert citation and referencing. I should come up will relevant research methodologies as applied to the field of study and with the help of literature materials I will be able to generate research questions that will guide me as I collect and analyze data. My duty in the whole process will be to write the proposal, defend it, collect and analyze data and write a report of the findings. The other relevant person is my supervisor and any faculty staff who can offer me academic guidelines in the development of the project. This supervisor/s is a member of the faculty staff who is in charge of the course work. They will assist in the guidance and academic advice on the development of the project. They are supposed to go through the reports and give their opinions and recommendations. Furthermore, together with the examination body they will grade the paper accordingly. Their knowledge and skills in academic research will be useful in the dissertation. In this list is any person who will assist in the collection and analysis of the data. Meanwhile my fellow students will be a vital part of the project as they can offer discussion forums to help in the development of the project. Gantt charts This will show all the activities in the project process, it will entail the budgets, the time schedule, the project plans, the reports and presentations of the projects and the time frame for each action. This is inconsideration that the time for the project will run from September to November. This chart will show a simple analysis of the plan, work plan and budget of the whole project. Strategic Management This will offer important themes and focus for the future directions of the project. This technique requires that the project focuses on the objectives, goals, missions and strategies in the implementation. Strategy then will entail the identification of the dissertation objectives; this will be covered in the main and specific objectives. One of the main objectives of the project is to make sure that the selected problem satisfied and solved using appropriate research methods and following expert referencing. The only means by which strategic management is achieved is if the project follows four main activities as proposed by the techniques. One of them is the reviewing and the definition of the organizational missions. For this step the dissertation will them make sure it reviews and defines the missions of the project. Every participant of the project and I included must make sure that the project achieves its goals. Therefore, the proposal stage must clearly define the goals and mission. The second logical step will be the setting of the long term goals and objectives. The identification and creation of the proposal marks the first step in the setting of the short term goals, these will then help in the achievement of the long term goals and objectives. Objectives that are deemed to be long term are those linked to the end product attained at the end of the project period. The third step is the analysis and the formulation of the strategies that will help reach these goals. These are seen in the work plan or time plan, that has clear identified main activities and the time allocated for each. A time plan is a means by which this dissertation will lay down its strategies. However, to make sure that the technical goals are achieved the dissertation will include a methodology that will entail every research method technique and plan that can give the desired results. This will also involve the methods and techniques that will be used in the collection and analysis of the data. It is important that the planning stage remembers to incorporate this in the strategy plan for the dissertations and report plan (Cleland, Lewis, 2006, p.20). This will entail in depth detailing of the persons, methods, tools and resources that will be used to collect, analyse, store and present the data ad reports. In project management, a project team is responsible for the enhancement of stakeholders ability to contribute and augmenting the functioning of the team as a group. Owing to the simplicity and duration of the project, the projects team will consist of ten people in possession of diverse skills. The projects manager is responsible for managing the project at hand. In this case, owing to the experience of the strategic manager in strategy articulation, he will form a fundamental addition of the projects team. The marketing manager will be part of the projects team due to his marketing abilities, which will augment marketing of the party to different stakeholders. The financial manager will be in charge of the projects finances. The productions team leader can act comfortably as the projects team leader as the project needs a team leader in addition to the projects manager (Phillips, 2010, p.41). The project will engage two members of staff for technical expertise on the technological aspects. These staffs will be responsible for ensuring that proper procedures are observed. Moreover, two sales personnel will be involved in the project as part of the efforts of the human resource to ensure adequate staffing. Therefore, the two sales executives will make up part of the projects team due to their ability to find solutions for increasing the sales volumes. Their ability will be valuable in formulating solutions to the risks that may plague the project. The facilities manager will be part of the projects team due to his evaluation ability. The final member of the projects team will be another employee from the projects staff who will work as the projects developer. This selection is based on a selection process checklist conducted from the companys employees profiles, which clearly indicate the expertise of each employee. After the selection of the projects team, a projects chart er will be prepared to allow the stakeholders to understand the specific roles of the projects team. The selection of the projects team augments proper and efficient management of the project. Finally, the last stage will be the implementation of the strategies through the projects. In this phase the dissertation will make use of the plans and goals that were laid down in the planning stage. it will then follow the time plan as it was designed, adhere to the budget of the project and follow every short term goals and plans in order to achieve the main goal. Dissertation Project plan The project will therefore follow the following project management process; Terms of reference: these are the specification of the project. They will entail the description of the purpose, objectives, aims and deliverables. It will also include the statement of the parameters; time, budget, scope, range, authority and territory of the project. The net item is the statement of the people who will be involved and how they will be involved. Finally there must be break points in the process in order to give a review and give progress reports to the faculty and supervisor. The next aspect is the planning of the project. This is the various stages that will be involved in the project development. Project time plan and costs must be developed. The project team must be involved in the planning and development stage. The identification of the project management tools like Gantt chart and the critical flow diagrams. Project strategy planning and implementation Project reports and progress reports. Discussion As it has been realized the success of the project will lie in the manner in which the project manager will manage the entire project. Project management will entail the identification of the tools and techniques that are relevant to the project. In this project the resources like persons, time, and finance are important. It is expected that the project will be feasible and relevant as an academic material. The project must meet academic standards be relevant to current society needs and academic studies. Project management principles have been identified that can help in the management of the project. Principle players in the system have been identified d incorporated into the planning and implementation. Project management marries well with risk management. Therefore, risk management is part of strategic management and a strategic manager is the best-qualified personnel to deal with risk management. Management of finances and resource is very fundamental for the successful completion of the project. This is because the allocation of the resources and finances is based on the stipulations of the budget and for a project to be completed successfully; it has to run as per its budget. The finance manager is qualified for financial management as his financial role in the company is based on financial qualifications, which can be utilized successfully in managing the projects finances. Owing to his marketing skills, the marketing manager is qualified for marketing the party to the other stakeholders, as he possesses the best skills that can convince the stakeholders on the importance of attending the party (Roman, 2009, p.74). The facilities manager is always in charge of managing the diff erent aspects of the companys facilities. While developing the stages to be followed in project management, it is important to ensure that imperative aspects such as risk management, human resource capital and strategic management is strictly incorporated into the initial stages prior to the actual project activities. These stages are usually depicted in the Gannt Chart. Most important of all is perhaps the timeline allocated for the project. All projects run on a specific timeline, which is determined, by the urgency and number of activities that need to be done to perform a particular activity. Moreover, communication is an integral part of the project (Meredith Mantel, 2010, p.29). It encompasses the timely production, compilation, broadcasting, storage and clearance of project information. This requires the utilization of a strong communication network. The person in charge of the communication network has to be in possession of the appropriate technological knowledge of different communication lines. For this reason, t he staff member allocated to deal with communications is qualified for due to his vast experience while working as a sound engineer. The team leader is the most appropriate person to carry out project evaluation based on his role of working successfully with teams. His team leadership skills enable him to work comfortably with each team leader hence, acquiring at a faster rate, the feedback required for the evaluation of the project. Documentation of the project required a person who is qualified in document preparation, the staff member in charge of the preparations for the production documents is highly qualified for the projects documentation. Owing to the fact that strategic management includes risk management, the strategic manager is highly qualified for risk management as it encompasses the scope of his role. Having been involved in a workshops dealing with risk management, I am qualified for joint risk management with the strategic manager. In addition, to the contributions of the strategic manager, the contributions of the whole project team are fundamental for the development of a contingency plan in risk management. The final role of a project manager encompasses procurement management in which the resources required for the project are procured and secured from the suppliers. I have acted as the company procurement officer before the current procurement officer took up this position; therefore, I have the skills required for procurement management. The different leadership and management skills I posses will enable me to act accordingly in my position as a projects manager. Quality management is also an important aspect of project management that should not be overlooked. The quality of a project is fundamental in measuring the projects success. Quality parameters have to be met by the project or exceeded in terms of exceptional projects. The quality parameters set for the project at hand is such that the quality of the party equalizes with the quality provided by four-star hotels. The human resource must be of extremely high quality to ensure that they deliver a high standard of service delivery, hence bolster the success of the project (Kerzner, 2009, p.33). For this reason, the company should provide human capital whose quality amounts to the value it attaches to its employees. I am highly qualified for this role because I have managed to produce previous projects whose quality exceeded that stipulated by the set quality parameters. Conclusion The project will entail a dissertation that will be developed following the rules of project management. It has taken into consideration the tools and techniques that are used in project management. The identification of goals, objectives and the strategic management process has been analyzed. Furthermore, it has taken into consideration the principles of project management; purpose, relevance, feasibility, accuracy and accountability. Budgeting and work plans have been identified as tools that can be used to manage the resources of time and finance. Meanwhile tools like Gantt charts and flow diagrams have been utilized to depict the strategic plan of the project.

A Comparison of the Chemical Structures and Production Methods of Silk

A Comparison of the Chemical Structures and Production Methods of Silk and Artificial Silk Abstract Despite their seemingly similar exteriors, the chemical structures and production methods of natural silk and the artificial silks rayon and nylon are quite different. Silk yarn, extracted from the cocoon of the Bombyx mori moth, is made up of fibroin molecules with beta-pleated sheet secondary structures. The fibroin molecules consist of crystalline fibers constructed of regularly paralleled, unfolded polypeptide chains of polyglycylalanine mixed with an amorphous part. Although viscose rayon was originally called â€Å"artificial silk,† it is not a truly synthetic fiber, as it is made from wood pulp, a naturally-occurring, cellulose-based material. Nylon, however, is a synthetic fiber. It is a polyamide whose molecular chains are formed by regularly spaced –CONH– amide groups. Nylon 6-6, or poly(hexamethylneadipamide), is composed of two structural monomers (hexamethylendiamine (H2N(CH2)6NH2) and adipic acid (HOOC(CH2)4COOH), whereas Nylon 6, or poly(6-caprolactam), is composed of a single structural unit (either 6-aminocaproic acid (H2N(CH2)4COOH) or caprolactam). Ultimately, the different chemistries and production methods of these fibers give them certain advantages (such as viscose’s ability to combine with other fibers to create new fabrics easily) and disadvantages (such as nylon’s quickly weakening fibers or natural silk’s difficulty of production) over one another that make them more or less suitable for certain purposes. For this reason, when considering silk and artificial silk, it is illogical to pick one fiber that is superior to the others and to focus on the production of that specific fiber. A Compa... ...io State University Extension Fact Sheet: Textiles and Clothing. Retrieved July 25, 2008, from http://ohioline.osu.edu/hygfact/ 5000/5538.html Swicofil AG Textile Services. (n.d.). Viscose Rayon. Swicofil. Retrieved July 25, 2008, from http://www.swicofil.com/viscose.htmlc Trossarelli, L. (2003). The History of Nylon. Commissione Centrale Materiali e Tecniche. Retrieved July 25, 2008, from http://www.caimateriali.org/Eventi/Torino/historynylon.html The Viscose Company. (1937). The Story of Rayon (3rd ed.). New York Sales Office: 200 Madison Avenue: The Viscose Company. Wikipedia. (July 24, 2008). Silk. Retrieved July 28, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silk Wikipedia. (July 28, 2008) Viscose. Retrieved July 26, 2008, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viscose Woodhouse, T. F. (1929). Artificial Silk or Rayon (2nd ed.). Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd.