Social Conflict in Public Schools

Big American government is widely perceived as the foundation of social order in our country, yet it is, as some would say the single greatest source of disorder. Political power constantly tempts those who control it to enforce conformity with their own preferences of Education, and Religion, As seen in our country and many parts of the world, citizens will evade enforcers if they can but when necessary will fight back. Our public schools can also be looked at through the structural-functional theory In an article by Jim Powell entitled â€Å" Public Schools and Social Conflicts† he discusses the many conflicts in our public schools are primarily the product of our governments deliberate doings. In the early 1840’s for instance, Protestant dominated public schools were made compulsory for the newly landed immigrant Irish and southern European Catholics. Conflict arose when the Catholics resented having to pay taxes for Protestant schools where courtesy of another government bodies mandate Protestant values were to be taught there as well. The Catholics proceeded to establish their own system of â€Å"parochial† schools, however the age old practice of collecting public school taxes still exists no matter where the student chooses to be educated. Religion is another public school related conflict that Jim Powell discusses. Here he discusses the most famous social conflicts of public school history, the issue of whether schools should teach the biblical story of how the world was created. The â€Å"Butler Act† which made it illegal for any public school to teach a theory that denied the biblical story was how the conflict began. After a series of trials, debates, court and governmental interventions, the conflict still exists. Our public schools can also be viewed under he structural-functional theory. The various cogs of our public schools were probably intended to work together coherently to promote solidarity and stability as the structural-functional theory would suggest. The compulsory mandate of schooling for every child was probably intended to keep the majority of the new population educated thus increasing their productivity in a very young country. Many sociologist like Karl Marx would see this as an opportunity to not only live with the interpreted word but to constantly enact changes to conform with the needs of the current population thus maintaining the desired solidarity and stability . This type of sociologist would suggest that one only had to pay school taxes if the child used the public school system. In our day and age it would seem fair to the children who are home schooled or for that matter senior citizens and families with no children using the public school system, so the burden lay only on the benefit users. Infact it is the main point of discussion whenever a school budget or election comes up in many a town. On the issue of religion, this type of sociologist one that values preserving the desired solidarity and stability would suggest that issues of the religious nature not be discussed at all and that religious students should have a silent moment of prayer should the need arise, thus lending value to the now popular â€Å"separation of church and state†. There are many manifest functions of the public school system that can be The public system is a solid, affordable and consistent source of education for the vast majority of the population and being government funded has its regulations and systems in place. Freedoms that Americans have gotten used to are valued as well. Lack of regulation can have it’s own set of problems as was exemplified in the current â€Å"Financial meltdown†. Latent functions could also be seen in the public school system as is evident in the fact that public colleges function as a â€Å"marriage market†. Here young people of similar socio-economic backgrounds meet and perhaps form lifelong relationships. As was evident in the case of the recent Royal wedding where in Kate Middleton, the daughter of a wealthy businessman was enrolled in a prestigious university thus enhancing her ability to possibly meet a partner of similar stature who in this instance happened to be Prince William. Many a relationships have begun this way and although very rarely acknowledged is a unrecognized and unintended consequence of the public school experience. The public school system does affect American cultural values namely :Equal opportunity along with Individual achievement and Personal success. The public school system does for the most part offer equal opportunity to everyone who wishes to pursue this or her individual dreams. With all the checks in the system it gets next to impossible for any given public education system to waiver making allowances when deemed fit and holding firm when necessary. Individual achievement and personal success are cultural values very connected to the value of equal opportunity. In America, more so than in many other parts of the world is truly the â€Å"Land of Opportunity† . The sky is the limit if one has the desire and dares to dream. With the theoretical perspective in mind it is imperative that American cultural values will change as time progresses. There are constant changes that the public school arena is exposed to: The changing mix of certain ethnic populations in a given environment has given rise to a need for educators with English as a Second language backgrounds. Another area where cultural values will change are in the Special Education arena where with the growing classifications and need to integrate young Special Ed students educators will have to make adjustments to the way the whole population is taught so as to promote solidarity and stability as the structural-functional theory would suggest.

Explore the Ways in Which John Steinbeck Presents He Character of Lennie in ‘of Mice and Men’

In this essay I am going to be writing about one of the main characters in John Steinbeck’s novella ‘Of Mice and Men’. The story portrays the travels and arising problems of two migrant workers who share an uncommon friendship for the time and environment in which the novella is set. Lennie Small is the character I will be exploring and I will start off by giving a detailed explanation of his physical appearance and behaviour. Second I will look at his and the other main character George’s relationship which will then be followed by Lennie’s relationships with other characters throughout the book. I will then go on to look at the foreshadowing in which Steinbeck displays in the story and finally I will conclude the story of its final climax. Steinbeck uses many different descriptions of Lennie Small in the novella. Often compared to animals, one of the first descriptions of him is him being compared to a bear. ‘He was dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws’, is a line which portrays an image of how physically large Lennie is while also suggesting the extent of his strength. Lennie is also described to be ‘shapeless of face, with large, pale eyes’ which compares easily to a small innocent child who doesn’t understand his surroundings. The imagery created in this scene begins to imply that Lennie, even though a grown man, does not have a mind of his own, almost childlike, while always having someone to direct him through life. Despite his age, Lennie acts and speaks with immaturity due a mental disability. ‘Slowly like a terrier, who doesn’t want to bring a ball back to his master’ is a line Steinbeck wrote to emphasise Lennie’s immature personality. By comparing him to a terrier he becomes viewed as irrational with a very instinctive side to him. Steinbeck uses the word ‘master’ which signifies how Lennie, unable to make sensible decisions, needs a master or more so a carer. It stresses his naivety and also his loyalty to George. Furthermore in this novella Lennie doesn’t intentionally mean to do harm but that does not mean he is completely harmless. This is shown when Steinbeck writes ‘I wasn’t doing nothing bad with it, George.. jus’ stroking it. in the scene where George is demanding the dead mouse from Lennie. By writing this Steinbeck has suggested that the innocent Lennie is and both a victim and villain throughout his life. No matter how harmless he is within his mind, his strength betrays his personality leaving his child like mind, and brute strength a threatening combination. Steinbeck’s first description of George and Lennie’s relationship demonstrates the fact tha t George is very much like a father figure to Lennie. He is constantly mimicking George and following obediently which is described when ‘they had walked in single file down the path, and even in the open one stayed one behind the other’. This quote emphasises the dominance in the relationship and how Lennie is always following behind George because he wants to show him respect. Also Lennie imitates George with the upmost precision, ‘Then (George) replaced his hat, pushed himself back from the river, drew up his knees and embraced them. Lennie who had been watching imitated George exactly’ highlights this as it shows just how much Lennie looks up to George as if he is also a hero as well as a father figure in which he wants to make proud. It produces the thought that maybe all Lennie wants is for George to be proud of him and is symbolic to the fact Lennie looks up to George as a role model. In the opening dialogue between George and Lennie the nature of their relationship is easily distinguishable when George says ‘Lennie! Lennie for Gods sake, don’t drink too much.. ou gonna be sick like you was last night’ because it conveys how much George actually cares for and worries for Lennie without making it sound too affectionate. He speaks down to Lennie in a patronizing manner which also symbolises the authority in the relationship. In this novella one of the key things about Lennie and George is the dream they both wish to achieve. Due to Lennie’s childlike mind set and George’ s fatherly role in Lennie’s life the dream becomes somewhat a bedtime story for Lennie. On several occasions ‘Lennie pleads â€Å"Come on George. Tell me. Please, George. Like you did before. † ‘ which further emphasises how much of a child he is due to the fact it makes him calm, happy and almost settled as if he were an infant going to bed. It could also portray the subconscious worries Lennie has so he feels the need to be reassured about their dream. Lennie’s relationships with other characters vary and progress throughout the novella. When Slim, the jerkline skinner, is first introduced to Lennie and George he is taken aback by the oddness of their relationship with each other. He immediately see’s Lennie’s lack of mentality and later on states to George ‘it seems kinda funny, a cuckoo like him and a smart guy like you travelling together’ which is the first opinion Slim reveals towards Lennie. At first he only sees the childlike Lennie but after the situation explained he understands and views Lennie in a completely different light. ‘He’s a nice fella, guy don’t need no sense to be a nice fella’ is a line which Steinbeck wrote to show clearly how Slim respects and likes Lennie as it emphasises that he doesn’t just see the absence of intelligence but the nice guy hidden underneath the childish exterior. Even though Slim doesn’t really get to know Lennie in this novella, his friendship with George allows him to understand Lennie and the position the two are in. Slim appreciates that Lennie is not a cruel person when he says ‘He ain’t mean, I can see Lennie ain’t a bit mean’ which further emphasises the intelligence Slim possess to see behind the original interpretation of Lennie as a man and shows how his feelings towards him have developed into somewhat respect. Another relationship that Lennie has is one with the stable buck, Crooks. Steinbeck enforces this unspoken friendship between the two because both are isolated from the rest of the ranch workers, Lennie because of his size and childish behaviour and Crooks because of him being black and being segregated from the rest of the workers. Although Lennie is portrayed as the weakest mentally, he doesn’t understand the unwritten code of racial segregation which brings out the intelligent side to him which is proven in the way he acts towards Crooks. When Crooks questions him about why he has entered the barn Lennie replies with ‘Nothing- I seen your light. I thought I could jus’ come an’ set’ which shows how innocent Lennie is and in a way how lonely he is as he goes to investigate the possibility that he could converse with someone. It could also show that Lennie sees crooks as an equal unlike the other men on the ranch who merely see his colour. In this novella Steinbeck uses foreshadowing a great deal throughout the whole story. It appears everywhere, hinting on what will happen to different characters and the way the story will develop. It is used to show that Lennie will be getting in trouble with Curley’s wife, her death and also his death and the exact way in which he dies. The moment Curley’s wife is introduced an ill feeling overcomes the atmosphere signifying that Lennie will in fact be getting into some sort of mess involving her. George says at the very beginning ‘I seen ‘em poison before, but I never seen no piece of jail bait like her before. You leave her be’ is a quote from the novella which directly foreshadows Curley’s wifes death because by having George tell him to leave her alone, it’s obviously going to go the opposite way and something will end up bringing the pair together. Another thing that adds to the foreshadowing of her death is Lennie’s tendency to ‘get carried away’ with touching soft, silky and pretty things. Throughout the novella the victims of Lennie’s harmless ‘petting’ gradually get bigger, starting off with the girls dress in Weed, the mouse, progressing on to Curley’s hand and the puppy and finally ending with Curley’s herself. The skirt, mouse, puppy and Curley’s wife all link in with the need to touch ‘soft things’ and the same reaction even happen in each. Once they begin to panic or squirm Lennie reacts in a childlike way and doesn’t know what to do so he simply doesn’t let his hold of that object go. Excluding Curley’s hand which was purely down to animal and childish instinct, all the other incidents could connect to the idea that in Lennie’s naive mind, ‘soft and pretty’ things relate to the dream that he and George have and once the victims begin to struggle it instantly alerts Lennie that the dream is escaping him and he holds on in fear of letting go and loosing it. The foreshadowing of Lennie’s death occurs at different points throughout the novella. The shooting of candy’s dog being the main one. When Carlson is trying to persuade Candy into letting him shoot the dog he says ‘He ain’t no good to you, Candy. An’ he ain’t no good to himself. Wh’n’t you shoot him, Candy? ’ which is exactly how Lennie is viewed as a partner of George. Both the dog and Lennie are connected as they both in some way weigh down their ‘owner’ and aren’t really useful to them. Another thing which foreshadows his death is George’s constant reminders of how his life would be easier without him. ‘God you’re a lot of trouble, I could get along so easy and so nice if I didn’t have you on my tail. I could live so easy and maybe have a girl’ is a line which Steinbeck wrote to foreshadow what might happen in the end of the story as it is how George feels inside which he frequently tells Lennie at different points in the story. Lennie’s death, placed right at the end of the story, is no big surprise when it actually occurs. Beforehand Lennie and George are merely talking. Lennie is confused as to why George isn’t shouting at him and this particular bit shows how much George secretly does care for Lennie and wishes that this didn’t happen. ‘No Lennie, I ain’t mad. I never been mad an’ I ain’t now. That’s the thing I want ya to know. ’ is a line from George which symbolises that no matter what bad things Lennie has ever done, George only wants the best for him, even if that means killing him. Steinbeck uses the phrase ‘never been mad’ to show that George is feeling guilty about his reactions towards Lennies mistakes in the past and trying to make it right. Despite the fact he has already made the decision to end Lennie’s life George still finds it difficult to do so which is portrayed when Steinbeck wrote that ‘George raised the gun and his hand shook, and he dropped his hand to the ground again’. This quote lays emphasis on how challenging it is for George to follow through with his task. No matter how much of a dead weight Lennie is to him, they have still been together for a long while which adds to the fact George finds it so hard to kill him. The thing that played the most part in the decision George made to kill Lennie was Candy’s words, ‘I ought to of shot that dog myself, George. I shouldn’t ought to of let no stranger shoot my dog. ’ because George understands that the death of Lennie is inevitable and is going to happen one way or another whether it be now or in the next town when he does something else wrong. Georges decision is reassured by Slim right at the end of the novella when he says ‘You hadda George, I swear you hadda’ because he understands the situation George is in and is trying to assure him that he made the right decision in killing Lennie. In conclusion, Lennie Small is a very complex character. The description of his character is very precise and so is his personality. Throughout this novella it is obvious that Lennie’s character is the one that undergoes the least amount of development. His childlike mentality and mind set prohibit any possible expansion of his character however Lennie's protection from George, devotion to him, and dreams of the farm make him the character that he is. His portrayal of innocence during the course of the novella is a key reason why readers feel so much sympathy for him, and is the main way in which he is represented all throughout Of Mice and Men.

Half Slave And Half Free By Bruce Levine - 2094 Words

One of the most, if not the most, controversial and heated debates following the United States independence was regarding the institution of slavery. In the introduction to his book Half Slave and Half Free, Bruce Levine quotes Carl Schurzs’ observation as the â€Å"slave question not being a mere occasional quarrel between two sections of the country divided by a geographic line, but a great struggle between two antagonistic systems of social organization (p.15)†. The Nouthern states that allowed slavery benefited from the agricultural labor that those slaves provided. The Northern states that prohibited slavery did so for moral and pragmatic reasons; they felt it was morally wrong to deny another human any form of rights, and did not like the economic advantage it gave to the Southern states. With the use of slavery largely concentrated in the South, the movement against it came from the North and was led by abolitionists; those who were committed to bringing an end t o the practice. In this course we have defined â€Å"Practice† as the conduct of policy, such as opinion, election, parties and law-making (Lecture). We define Policy as the goals of politics, those being sovereignty, defense, and a collective well-being (Lecture). The following analytical essay will examine antislavery sentiment and practices in the Northern states and the reaction of Southern states. Additionally how the pressures from both sides influenced the Policy of the United States following independence thenShow MoreRelatedHalf Slave And Half Free Essay1277 Words   |  6 Pages19 November 2015 Half Slave and Half Free Essay In the book, â€Å"Half Slave and Half Free† by Bruce Levine, Levine discusses the complex issues that arose during the Antebellum Era in America that fueled the eruption of the Civil War. According to Levine, tension arose due to conflicting interests in the depths of the free-labor based economy of the North and the slave-labor based economy of the South which boiled up to a point that led the newly formed nation to a civil war. Levine starts off by givingRead MoreHalf Slave And Half Free Essay2077 Words   |  9 Pages Half Slave and Half Free Essay In the book, â€Å"Half Slave and Half Free† by Bruce Levine, Levine discusses the complex issues that arose during the Antebellum Era in America that fueled the eruption of the Civil War. According to Levine, tension arose due to conflicting interests in the depths of the hard worker based economy of the reciprocal South and the free vigorous economy of the North which boiled up to a point that led the newly formed nation to a civil war. 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Poverty Inequality Of The United States - 1984 Words

Since the early 1980s in the United States, there has been a big push advocating for tax cuts benefitting the wealthiest Americans at the expense of investing in education, infrastructure, child care, and income supports that would help raise well-off children to be productive adults. As a result of this, the gap between the rich and the poor has grown wider, making the wealthy more willing to sacrifice overall economic growth in exchange for the larger share of money that they are getting for themselves. This has led to severe income, racial, and poverty inequality in the United States and creates an inequality trap because as the rich get wealthier, they favor policies that earn them more money and power at the expense of the low-income workers education and well-being. One cause of income inequality is the real value of the minimum wage has decreased 32% since 1968, it was $10.71 in 1968 and now it is $7.25. This weakens economic stability because a dollar bought nearly 7 times the amount of goods in 1968 than today, leading to inequality, poverty, and forcing Americans to rely on government assistance. Companies can raise their prices a little to offset an increase in wages without consumers responding, shown in the Fried Haddock Dinner effect. Americans against raising the minimum wage need to understand that they are already subsidizing these low-income workers by paying for the social safety net they rely on, so they might as well transfer that money to pay them anShow MoreRelatedPoverty Inequality : The United States1040 Words   |  5 PagesPoverty is one of the greatest problems in the United States today. Poverty is the state or condition of having little or no money, goods, or means of support; a condition of being poor.Many people, espec ially African Americans and children, live in poverty. People in poverty are left to face different social, cultural, physical and mental challenges.The American Dream is to have a well paying job and to be comfortable, but most Americans are forced to live a life of poverty. Although the UnitedRead MorePoverty And Inequality Between The United States Of America And India Essay2035 Words   |  9 Pagesthe key differences in poverty and inequality between the United States of America and India. We chose these two countries to analyze as inequality and poverty are difficult to compare and contrast on a global scale between all 196 countries. India and USA are also similar at key fundamental levels. 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The â€Å"American Dream† ideology which permeates most aspects of our daily life, influences an automatic response to income inequality to be that those at the bottom are not working hard enough and that those at the top have earned their wealth through hard work. These perceptions of poverty and ineq uality limit productive conversation that can leadRead MoreIs Inequity A Big Problem? The United States?1714 Words   |  7 Pagesof inequity within their borders. Inequity is a very crucial problem in the United States, you would think that our economy here in the states is booming, and the citizens are living life easy or without worry. Life is the United States isn’t as it seems, in fact, Inequity is in fact a big problem even in the United States. Over the years, there has been millions of Americans that were considered to be in poor or in poverty line that are not able to provide for themselves and their families. We canRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The American Ideal 964 Words   |  4 Pagesconstitution, the United States has not lived up to the ideal of equality. Economic inequality has surged into a greater issue over the past several years. Gender inequality is something that has began to reduce in the US ever since the 1900s. Even though big changes have been made, gender inequality stills exists in the workplace due to many reasons. Furthermore, ever since colonial times, racism has been a prodigious problem in the United States . Examples of racial inequality includes poverty and educationRead MorePublic Economics1471 Words   |  6 Pagesrespect to inequality and poverty how does Ireland compare to other Western industrialized countries? | Padraig Mc Govern | | 08604070 | 3/9/2012 | Lecturer: Professor Eamon O Shea Course code: 4BCM1 Introduction The following essay will compare Ireland with respect to inequality and poverty to the United States and the United Kingdom. I will use the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in order to analyse their position in the world’s economy; identify how to measure poverty; the mainRead MorePublic Economics1463 Words   |  6 Pagesrespect to inequality and poverty how does Ireland compare to other Western industrialized countries? | Padraig Mc Govern | | 08604070 | 3/9/2012 | Lecturer: Professor Eamon O Shea Course code: 4BCM1 Introduction The following essay will compare Ireland with respect to inequality and poverty to the United States and the United Kingdom. I will use the country’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in order to analyse their position in the world’s economy; identify how to measure poverty; the main reasonsRead MoreThe Effects of Wealth Inequality in the U.S.1484 Words   |  6 PagesAnthony Giovenco Political Science Inequality Paper 12-18-14 The Effects of Wealth Inequality in the United States Wealth inequality in the United States has grown tremendously since 1970. The United States continuously reveals higher rates of inequality as a result of perpetual support for free market capitalism. The high rates of wealth inequality cause the growing financial crisis to persist, lower socio-economic mobility, increase national poverty, and have adverse effects on health and

Social Media Can Help Create A Beloved Community - 1455 Words

Spreading positivity through social media can help create a ‘beloved community.’ People can communicate with others and form connections. Social media can build your self esteem and spread knowledge to everyone. Advice, tips, and vital information can be found on social media. We have to use these privileges in a civilized and kind way.Cyber bullying is common which is why we must spread positivity online. Statistics show that 42% of young people have been bullied online and one in four of them have suffered from it more than once. There are also 35% of kids who have been threatened that something bad will happen to them while online and 53% say that they have said hurtful things to other kids online. To change this, we can communicate†¦show more content†¦It seemed she was doing it for her own entertainment. A couple of months later, Emily went to a friend’s party. She was about to leave when she saw Sara, who she recognized from her profile picture. She obviously recognized Emily too, because she lunged at her. Emily was shocked at what happened next. Sara started wrestling with her, as she tried to keep her off of her and prevent the situation from escalating. For two minutes they were going around the room in circles, holding each other’s hair with death grips while Sara tried to kick and punch her. She was still pulling her hair, bending Emily at an angle toward her. Then, Emily felt a blunt force against her eye, and everything went white. Sara released her, and Emily leaned against the wall to catch her breath. When she regained her vision, she noticed blood on her hand. I lifted up my head and saw a blurry room full of people waiting to see more violence. Clearly, this was like a dramatic reality show to them. One person was even videotaping it. Feeling immense pain, I hurried to the bathroom to look in the mirror. There was a gash on the corner of my eye next to my nose, and the whole right side of my face was alread y starting to swell and bruise. I could hear Sara in the other room boasting about her vicious kick to my face. When she saw me, she pointed and laughed. Disgusted with everyone in that room, I left immediately. The next day, my mom decided it was

The Welcome Speech free essay sample

The Welcome Speech is must in a formal meeting. It is normally the president who delivers the welcome speech or the welcome address as it Is formally known. Some guidelines : 1. Salutation : This is the first formal speech in a meeting. It is the duty of the spellchecker to start building a bridge between the audience and the people on the dais (Incidentally, the stage is called Dais pronounced days and not days) and so, his salutation will Include the names and designations of all the people on the dais. 2.General Welcome : It is my pleasant duty to welcome you all to this meeting. . History : A few words about the past events those which happened before the event that is happening. 4. Purpose of the meeting : In the formal set up, the purpose of the meeting should be explained to the audience so that they will start expecting something out of the meeting. We will write a custom essay sample on The Welcome Speech or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 5. Individual Welcome : All the people on the dais who are not members of your organization need to be Individually welcomed. The order is first, the most important person for that meeting, generally the chief guest.Followed by the guest of honor, If any. Do not begin the Individual welcome by saying. when we went to meet Mr.. Our chief guest This is irrelevant. Similarly phrases like Who readily accepted our invitation Who has come here in spite of his busy schedule These are clicks and spoil the impact of your speech. It would be much nicer to say : We are honored with the presence of We welcome you Sir. A long pending desire has been fulfilled today with the presence of Mr. Midst, I welcome you, sir. In our 6.Specific Welcome : Welcome the VISP in the audience, not necessarily by name, such as, The past presidents of our chapter, presidents of the Rotary and Lions Clubs, Foreperson present In our midst. 8. Conclusion : l hope you will have a pleasant evening Thank you. It is not necessary to say, On behalf of this organization and on my personal behalf This is another click. The fact that you are standing on the dais denotes that you are doing so on behalf of your organization and it does not matter whether you personally want to welcome someone or not!!!The welcome speech in the biggest of meetings, should not last for more than 5 minutes. A normal meeting requires only a 2 minute welcome speech. QUESTIONS from audience are a welcome sign. It shows they have listened to you. Answer if you can, otherwise ask all present to answer. Do not bluff. Do not feel hurt. Answer with wit, tact and humor. Answer short and sweet. Be at your best. NEVER try to recall what you had written rehearsed. Speak as it comes to you naturally. It will be far superior to the write up. IGNORE if you have erred and no one noticed. ADMIT correct if it is pointed out.

We are not harmed by our own death

Everywhere in the world people are afraid of death so much that if anything bad or scaring is about to happen, it will take a few seconds for all the people to disappear from that place. This is fear of death and any danger that threatens life possessed by humans.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on We are not harmed by our own death specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More However, there are several arguments by philosophers which challenge this attitude towards death. For example, the argument that we are not harmed by our own death is put across by Epicurean, a well known philosopher. According to him, death does not harm an individual or their relatives as it is perceived by many people. For that reason, people should not have any fear of death as it lacks a direct effect on them. To begin with, he gives an argument of the death nature in relation to our lives and humanity in general. His assumption is that death of an i ndividual is the end of his existence both soul and body, making the effect of death inconsequential to his dead body. In his argument, he wonders how death can be bad to a person when they are not there and consequently can not feel anything. As a result, people should not be afraid of death as this creates the feeling of desperation, which causes anguish that may otherwise be avoided (Craig 1998:p121). According to Epicurean, death should be treated as nothing because everything we perceive as bad or good is a result of our personal experience. Intrinsically, this capacity to experience or the ability to develop is what death deprives an individual of. It should be treated as nothing because during one’s life, nobody understands death until it comes. Furthermore, at this time, a person is dispossessed of his ability to experience death.Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In his argument, he makes use of an example of two friends where one of them travels to space and their communication through a phone stops 20 minutes after his departure. To make it worse, he is expected to come back after 100 years And within this period of time the friend who is left behind will probably die. He feels bad for the death of his friend but if the person is dead he no longer exists and therefore does not feel the resulting pain. To avoid confusion, we only consider the death and not the process of dying. It is nothing to the friend who is alive because he has not experienced it and therefore has no explanation. However, the living may challenge this based on the pain and grief they feel when a close relative or a friend dies (Craig 1998:p151). To explain his non existing assumption of death to both the living and the dead, Epicurean suggests a theory of death where it has completely different way of affecting us and there is no direct effect like a sting. Such that, when a person dies he loses existence and all the nice benefits that come with it. This is the effect of death which takes away lives and it is called the deprivation account, which is supported by the fact that at that point a deceased loses his or her life while the living loses a close person. The loss to the two individuals makes their loss equal and neutral. In our day-to-day life, time is considered to be a major factor when defining a fact, an occurrence or an event. To improve on the credibility of something that should be proved, the time of occurrence should be specific. In this case, if death is horrific to an individual then when do its effects impact on them? It is assumed that the moment he or she dies, at this time, this person does not exist and, therefore, is not present to feel all the effects. The consequences will be there but they will not be felt by the deceased because he or she ceased to exist. His absence makes the effect of death to be meaningless to him/her (Cra ig 1998:p51).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on We are not harmed by our own death specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In addition, we have the non-existence requirement suggested by Epicurean. It is supported by the fact that sometimes death may occur to the unborn babies. In this case, the fetus never gets a chance to grow into a human being and it dies while in its mother’s womb. In life the case can be bad for you only if you were present and therefore went through its effects at that instant when it was happening. As such, in this case is the fetus at the time of its death and has not came to existence as a person yet. As a result, the death cannot be bad to someone who has never actually lived at the occasion of its occurrence. This clearly explains that death does not harm the dead person (Edwards 2002:P575). Following the argument above, there is even more proving that death lacks any effect on both th e dead and the living. When a person dies it means he or she has no life anymore and the body is just like a plant or a piece of tree cut down. That is why they are called ‘the deceased’. However, this dead person is supposed to be somehow feeling the death but in reality the person is not there. It is clear that death is in its own and does not have any directly present effects on the non-existing dead (Edwards 2002:P530). It is also impossible to prolong life and the things that make it enjoyable due to the interference of death which cuts short all the delight that we get from life. Furthermore, enjoying life for a shorter time is considered similar to enjoying it for a longer time as the two instances derive similar satisfaction before death takes place. This is referred to as a notion of indifference as there is a lack of extreme benefits in living a longer life from the assumption of the state of aponia and ataraxia (Kagan 2012:p650).Advertising Looking for essay on philosophy? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Accordingly, it is clear that death is an obliteration that only takes place but in the way that is beyond human understanding. As, its effect can only be felt by the living through the perception they have about it. However, it lacks a direct link with the dead person due to his absence. Furthermore, it cannot be directly linked to the living in the reality apart from the fear it creates on people. It can be good if people would stop worrying about it and change their perception. This will save them from the anguish and desperation it causes, while reducing on their grief after a close person’s death (Kagan 2012:p635). References Craig, E 1998, Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Routledge publishers, London. Edwards, E 2002, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Macmillan, London. Kagan, S 2012, Death, Yale University Press, New Heaven. This essay on We are not harmed by our own death was written and submitted by user D'KenNeraman1 to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.